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The kingdom of Macedon was founded and initially ruled by the royal Argead dynasty which was followed by the Antipatrid and Antigonid dynasties. The earliest kingdom of Macedonians was centered on the northeastern part of the Greek peninsula and bordered by Epirus to the west, Paeonia to the north, Thrace to the east and Thessaly to the south. The name Macedonia is derived from the ancient Greek adjective μακεδνός (makednós), meaning "tall, slim", also the name of a people related to the Dorians (Herodotus) and possibly descriptive of ancient Macedonians. The name is believed to have originally meant either "highlanders", "the tall ones", or "high grown men". Before the 4th century BC, Macedonia was a small kingdom outside of...